Description Headache is a very common condition that most people will experience several times in their life. The primary sign of a headache is a pain in the head or face. There are too many types of headaches and tension headaches are the most common. Although most headaches are not dangerous, some headaches can be…
Introduction Intermittent claudication is a medical condition characterized by pain and cramping in the legs during physical activity, such as walking or exercising. It occurs as a result of reduced blood flow to the muscles in the legs, usually due to narrowed or blocked arteries. Typically, it’s a sign of major health issues and consequences…
Introduction Lunges are a popular exercise that targets multiple muscles in your lower body, including your quadriceps, hamstrings, and glutes. They are functional movement that mimics everyday activities like walking, climbing stairs, and getting up from a seated position. Incorporating lunges into your workout routine can help improve lower body strength, stability, and balance. Lunges…
The Elbow Plica Impingement Test, also known as the Elbow Flexion Test or the Plica Syndrome Test, is a physical examination technique used to assess for the presence of plica syndrome in the elbow. Plica syndrome refers to the irritation or inflammation of the synovial folds or plicae within a joint, leading to pain and…
Introduction The Prone Instability Test (PIT) is a clinical assessment used to evaluate the presence of instability in the lumbar spine. It is primarily used by healthcare professionals, such as physical therapists and chiropractors, to assess patients with low back pain. The Prone Instability test is an orthopedic test used to evaluate radiographic lumbar instability,…
Beevor sign is a clinical examination maneuver used to assess the function of the abdominal muscles, specifically the rectus abdominis muscle. It involves observing the movement of the umbilicus (belly button) during a supine maneuver where the patient raises their head and shoulders slightly off the examination table. If the umbilicus moves upwards or deviates…
Introduction The obliques are major muscles in the whole abdominal area of the body. There are two types of oblique muscles internal and external obliques. It extends diagonally from the ribs to the pelvis. The obliques plus the rectus and transverse abdominals constitute the abdominal wall. These muscles work with each other to control movement…
Special tests play a crucial role in the assessment and diagnosis of lumbar spine dysfunction. The lumbar spine, located in the lower back, is prone to various conditions and injuries that can cause pain, restricted movement, and impaired function. Special tests are specific physical examinations performed by healthcare professionals to evaluate the integrity and functionality…
Introduction A metacarpal fracture is a type of bone fracture that occurs in one or more of the metacarpal bones in the hand. The metacarpals are the long bones that make up the middle part of the hand, connecting the wrist bones (carpals) to the bones of the fingers (phalanges). Fractures of the metacarpal bones…
