Definition The pharynx is a muscular tube that plays an important role in the respiratory and digestive systems. Located behind the nasal and oral cavities and extending to the larynx and esophagus, it serves as a pathway for the passage of air to the lungs and food to the stomach. Structurally, the pharynx is divided…
Objectives: The Sulcus Sign is an examination test used to check shoulder instability, mainly inferior instability. It involves the clinician applying a downward force on the humerus while stabilizing the scapula. A positive Sulcus Sign is indicated by the presence of a visible sulcus or groove beneath the acromion, suggesting that the humeral head has…
Overview The larynx, additionally referred to as the box of speech, lives in the proximal neck. Vocalization, the cough reflex, and lower respiratory tract protection are just some of its critical functions as a component of the respiratory process. The establishment of a system of ligaments and membranes maintains the larynx’s mostly cartilaginous structure together….
Overview The skin, the most significant organ in the body, regulates body temperature, generates tactile sensations, and works as a barrier against viruses. The epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis are the three major layers of skin, and they are at risk of several kinds of conditions such as rashes, wrinkles, acne, and skin cancer. The most…
Introduction The thymus gland is situated beneath your lungs and behind your sternum; it is active until adolescence. The major lymphoid organ for T cell formation and maturation, the thymus, delivers immunological surveillance on tumor cells, immune tolerance to self-antigens, and immune protection against foreign antigens. The thymus gland is not kept active for the…
What is a Crank’s Test? Crank’s Test is an orthopedic examination primarily used to assess the integrity of the glenoid labrum in the shoulder, specifically looking for labral tears. It is especially helpful in identifying superior labral anterior to posterior (SLAP) lesions. Objective: Clinically diagnosing tears of the shoulder’s superior labrum from the anterior to…
The Serratus Anterior Test is a clinical examination used to assess the strength and functionality of the serratus anterior muscle, which plays a crucial role in stabilizing the scapula against the thoracic wall. This muscle is essential for movements involving the shoulder and upper limb, especially in overhead and pushing activities. Dysfunction or weakness of…
What is a Sensory Ataxia? Sensory ataxia is represented by uncoordinated movement because of a muscle control issue that provokes an inability to coordinate movements and balance due to reduced sensory input. Sensory ataxia, as opposed to motor ataxia, is caused by abnormalities with the sensory pathways that give the brain knowledge of the body’s…
Overview In human anatomy, the mouth is the first portion of the intestinal tract that helps consume food and release saliva. The oral mucosa is another name for the layer of mucous epithelium situated inside the mouth. The mouth contributes as the digestive system‘s initial step and serves as an important for interaction. The jaw,…
Introduction In the human population, the nose becomes your main breathing system. Finally, it functions as an essential organ of the olfactory system. Air passes through to the nasopharynx and circulates in conjunction with the four grooves that form the three nasal conchae in each cavity. Conchae and paranasal sinuses are both of the nose’s…
