TRIGGER POINT MASSAGE
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Trigger Points

Definition Anatomy and causes Classification of TrPs TrPts can be separated into several groups: Differential Diagnosis Fibromyalgia – Symptoms of Trigger Points Diagnostic Procedures Palpation Palpation is the last present standard for the diagnosis and examing of TrPs and is the standard front of which new diagnostic methods are assessed. nevertheless, interrater reliability estimates for…

Syncope
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Syncope

What is a Syncope? Syncope is a medical term for fainting where sudden onset, brief loss of consciousness with loss of postural tone followed by spontaneous revival. The person is motionless and limp and generally has cool extremities, a weak pulse, and shallow breathing. Sometimes brief involuntary muscle jerks happen, resembling a seizure. Near-syncope is…

The Sacroiliac Joint Examination
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The Sacroiliac Joint Examination

The Sacroiliac Joint Examination is an important part to diagnose SI Joint Dysfunction where a Physical therapist performs various examination tests to rule out other related conditions. Background Clinically Relevant Anatomy Investigation Palpation of the sacroiliac joint Physiotherapy assessment (Special Tests) Sacroiliac Distraction Test Sacroiliac Compression Test Posterior Pelvic Pain Provocation Test Sacral Thrust Test…

pes cavus
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Pes cavus

Definition Pes cavus is a foot with an abnormally greater plantar longitudinal arch. Individuals who have this deformity will put too much weight and stress on the ball and heel of the foot while standing and/or walking. The spectrum of connected deformities observed with pes cavus involves clawing of the toes, posterior hind foot deformity…

spinal muscular atrophy
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Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)

What is a Spinal Muscular Atrophy? Spinal muscular atrophy is an inherited disease in which progressive muscle weakness and wasting (atrophy) are used for movement (skeletal muscles). It occurs due to a loss of specialized nerve cells (motor neurons) that control muscle movement. Progressive muscle weakness is seen as more severe that is closer to…

Anterior and posterior lumbar spine instability
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Lumbar examination

Introduction A lumbar examination is an important part of Diagnosing a lumbar spine-related condition mainly Low back pain, slip disc, listhesis of the spine. Subjective Assessment Red flags Investigations X-Rays Angiography MRI Scans CT Scans Ultrasound Scans Objective Posture Scoliosis Clinically Relevant Anatomy What is Lordosis? Symptoms Clinically Relevant Anatomy Clinical presentation Examining Functional Tests…

Treatment Treatment for malnutrition (undernutrition) is based on the underlying cause and how malnourished a person is. A person can be provided advice to follow at home, or be supported at home by a dietitian or other certified doctors. In severe cases, treatment in a hospital can be required. Dietary changes and supplements A dietitian will advise a person about dietary changes that may help. They can provide a tailored diet plan that ensures a person gets sufficient nutrients. They can also suggest: Having a healthier, more balanced diet Eating "fortified" foods that contain additional nutrients Snacking between meals Having drinks that contain lots of calories Getting supermarket deliveries at home If these measures are not sufficient, taking additional nutrients in the type of supplements can be recommended. These should only be taken on the advice of a doctor. a person will have regular appointments to check that any changes to the diet are helping to increase nutrition. The diet can require to be adjusted to make it more effective. Feeding tubes If a person is unable to eat sufficiently to meet the body's requirements – for example because a person has problems swallowing (dysphagia) – an alternative way of getting nutrients can be required. This may involve: Using a tube that is passed through the nose and down into the stomach (nasogastric tube) Using a tube that is placed directly into the stomach or gut through the skin on the tummy (percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy – PEG – tube) Using a solution containing nutrients that are fed directly into the blood through a tube in a vein (parenteral nutrition) These treatments are generally started in a hospital, but they may be continued at home if a person is well enough. Care and support services Some individuals who are malnourished require additional care to help them cope with underlying issues like limited mobility. This can involve: Home care visitors who may help you to shop for food or cook if a person finds this difficult – occupational therapy An occupational therapist may recognize problems with daily activities and help find solutions A "meals on wheels" or meals at home service – this may frequently be given by the local authority, although there is generally a charge. speech and language therapy A speech therapist may teach the exercises to help with swallowing problems and give advice about dietary changes (like foods that are easy to swallow) Treating malnutrition in children Malnutrition in children is frequently caused by long-term health conditions, for which hospital treatment is required. But this is not the case for all children with malnutrition. Treatment can include: Dietary changes, like eating foods high in energy and nutrients Support for families to help them manage reasons affecting their child's nutritional intake Treatment for any of this underlying medical conditions causing malnutrition vitamin and mineral supplements High-energy and protein nutritional supplements – if the other treatments are not sufficient on their own Severely malnourished children are required to be fed and rehydrated with great care. They may not be given a normal diet immediately. They will generally need special care in the hospital. Once they are well sufficient, they may usually start eating a normal diet and continue this at home. It is necessary that treatment is monitored regularly to make sure it is working. Weight and height measurements will be taken, and then the child will be referred to specialist services if there is no improvement. malnutrition

Malnutrition: What do you need to know?

Malnutrition is when a people’s diet does not give enough nutrients or the right balance for optimal health. Symptoms are different but frequently include weight loss, decreased appetite, tiredness, and irritability. What is malnutrition? Malnutrition is an imbalance in dietary intake. It happens when a person has too much or too little food or important…

Wrist and Hand Examination

Wrist and Hand Examination

Introduction A Wrist and Hand examination were done in a systematic way that helps to diagnose for treatment of Wrist and Hand related conditions. Subjective History Observation Boutonniere Deformity Swan Neck Deformity Wrist as well as Hand Osteoarthritis Dupuytren’s Contracture Hand Rheumatoid Arthritis Functional Tests Palpation Palpation of Hand Neurological Assessment Motion Testing Red Flags…