What is vertebral artery dissection? Vertebral artery dissection is a condition that involves a tear in the inner lining of the vertebral artery, one of the major blood vessels in the neck. The vertebral arteries are traveling to the brain for supplying blood to the brain. When a dissection occurs, blood can leak into the…
Botulism (Clostridium Botulinum) What is botulism (Clostridium botulinum)? What happens if you get Clostridium botulinum? Foodborne botulism Other sources of foodborne botulism involve: Infant botulism Wound botulism Iatrogenic botulism Adult intestinal toxemia botulism How common is botulism? What are the signs or symptoms of botulism (Clostridium botulinum)? Symptoms of infant botulism can involve: Symptoms involve:…
The treatment of disc herniation typically involves a combination of conservative measures and, in some cases, more invasive interventions. Conservative treatment options include rest, pain medication, physical therapy, and exercises to strengthen the core muscles. If conservative measures are ineffective, other treatments such as epidural steroid injections or surgical intervention may be considered. However, the…
What is Epidural Fibrosis? Epidural fibrosis, also known as peridural fibrosis or epidural scarring, is a condition that occurs as a result of the healing process after spinal surgery or spinal trauma. It refers to the formation of excessive scar tissue in the epidural space, which is the area surrounding the spinal cord and the…
What is Arachnoiditis? Arachnoiditis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the arachnoid, which is one of the membranes that surround and protect the nerves of the spinal cord. Neurological issues and intense stinging, “burning” pain are all symptoms of arachnoiditis. The lumbar (low back) and thoracic (middle back) nerves are most frequently affected. Your…
Reye’s syndrome is a rare but serious medical disease that mainly affects children and teenagers. It is characterized by the sudden onset of brain and liver dysfunction. The exact cause of Reye’s syndrome is not fully understood, but there is evidence to suggest that it may be triggered by certain viral infections, particularly influenza (flu)…
What is a Guyon Canal Syndrome? Guyon Canal syndrome, also known as ulnar tunnel syndrome or ulnar neuropathy at the wrist, is a condition that affects the ulnar nerve as it passes through a narrow space called the Guyon’s canal. Clinically Relevant Anatomy The boundaries of the Guyon Canal are: Causes of Guyon Canal Syndrome:…
What is Ophthalmoplegia? Ophthalmoplegia is a condition when the eye muscles are weak or paralyzed. It can impact either one or more than six muscles that control the movement of the eye and holds it in place. Ophthalmoplegia is usually of two types: Internal and Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia are the two main kinds of…
What is Brain Abscess? A Brain abscess is a swelling of the brain that is filled with pus. It typically happens after an infection or serious head injury when bacteria or fungi get into the brain tissue. Although there is very little chance of getting a brain abscess in England, it is a serious condition…
What is neurogenic shock? Neurogenic shock is a distributive type of shock resulting in hypotension which means low blood pressure, usually with bradycardia [ slowed heart rate ], generated by disturbance of autonomic nervous system pathways. It can happen after damage to the central nervous system, like spinal cord damage & traumatic brain damage. The…
