Introduction: “Squint eye,” also known as “strabismus” or “crossed eyes,” is a visual condition characterized by a misalignment of the eyes. In a person with squint eye, one or both eyes may deviate from their normal position, either turning inwards (esotropia), outwards (exotropia), upwards (hypertropia) or downwards (hypotropia). This misalignment can be constant or intermittent…
Introduction: Autoantibodies that target phospholipid-binding proteins are known as antiphospholipid antibodies. A multisystemic autoimmune illness called antiphospholipid syndrome (APLS) exists. The presence of persistent antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA) in the presence of arterial and venous thrombus and/or pregnancy loss is the hallmark of APLS. The lower limbs and the cerebral arterial circulation, respectively, are the most…
What is Phrenic Nerve Palsy? The phrenic nerve, which extends from the neck to penetrate the diaphragm next to the pericardium, can suffer lesions anywhere along its journey, which is what causes phrenic nerve palsy, also known as paralysis or paresis of the phrenic nerve. What is the phrenic nerve? Your diaphragm, a sizable dome-shaped…
What is a FG Syndrome? FG syndrome, also known as Opitz-Kaveggia syndrome, is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a wide range of physical, cognitive, and developmental abnormalities. The term “FG” stands for “FG syndrome,” and it refers to a group of related conditions that share similar clinical features. The syndrome primarily affects males, with…
Introduction Between the lunate, triquetrum, and ulnar head lies a load-bearing structure termed as the triangle fibrocartilage complex (TFCC). The TFCC’s role is to stabilize the ulnar side of the wrist. The TFCC is endangered by both acute and long-term degenerative damage. Positive ulnar variation and forced ulnar deviation are linked to TFCC damage. Patients…
What is a Radial Head Dislocation? Radial head dislocation is a medical condition characterized by the displacement of the radius bone at the elbow joint. The radius is one of the two bones in the forearm, and it plays a crucial role in the movement and stability of the arm. When the radial head becomes…
Fluidotherapy is a therapeutic modality used in physical therapy and rehabilitation settings. It involves the use of a specially designed machine to create a dry thermal airflow, which is combined with cellulose particles (such as finely ground corn husks) to create a fluid-like medium. Patients place their affected body part, such as hands, feet, or…
Introduction A hiatal hernia is a medical condition characterized by the protrusion of a part of the stomach through the diaphragm into the chest cavity. The muscle known as the diaphragm, which separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity, is essential for breathing. In a hiatal hernia, a weakened or enlarged opening in the…
What is a Diaphragm Muscle Dysfunction? The diaphragm muscle is a critical component of the respiratory system, playing a vital role in the process of breathing. As a dome-shaped skeletal muscle, it separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities and contracts and relaxes rhythmically to facilitate inhalation and exhalation. Efficient diaphragm function is essential for maintaining…
What Is the Phrenic Nerve? The phrenic nerve is a crucial component of the human nervous system, playing a vital role in facilitating respiration. It is one of the most important nerves in the body, originating from the cervical (neck) region of the spinal cord and providing motor and sensory innervation to the diaphragm, the…
