Definition: Lumbarization is a condition in which the first segment of the sacrum fails to fuse with the second segment so that it appears to be part of the lumbar vertebrae. Related Anatomy: The human spine is composed of vertebrae namely, cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and the coccyx at the lower end. There are 5…
Introduction: Osteoporosis is defined as low bone mineral density caused by altered bone micro-structure ultimately predisposing patients to low-impact, fragility fractures. Normal bone is composed of protein, collagen, and calcium, all of which give bone its strength. Bones that are affected by osteoporosis can break (fracture) with relatively minor injuries that normally would not cause…
RISE VS MICE Principle Introduction RICE VS MICE Both are important for after injury on a primary basis. Meaning of RICE VS MICE RICE Means MICE Means : Difference between RICE VS MICE So the difference between RICE VS MICE is Rest or Motion. Rest means no movement of the joint after injury or Motion…
Definition: Cervicogenic Headache (CGH) is a chronic headache that arises from the atlanto-occipital and upper cervical joints and is seen in one or more regions of the head, Neck, and/or face. Introduction: Cervicogenic headaches can mimic migraines, so it may be difficult to distinguish a cervicogenic headache from a migraine headache. The primary difference is that…
INTRODUCTION Tardy ulnar nerve palsy is a chronic clinical condition characterized by a delayed onset ulnar neuropathyafter an injury to the elbow. In 1878, Panas first described what is now often called tardy ulnar palsy, in which either prior trauma or osteoarthritis gradually caused damage to the ulnar nerve. Additional cases were reported over the…
What is an Elbow Pain? DEFINITION: ANATOMY OF ELBOW JOINT: OSTEOLOGY: There are three bones that comprise the elbow joint:-the humerus-the radius-the ulna. These bones give rise to two joints LIGAMENTS OF THE ELBOW JOINT: BLOOD SUPPLY AND INNERVATION: MOVEMENTS: Flexion Most of the muscles producing flexion are found in the anterior compartment of the…
What is Cubitus Varus Deformity? Cubitus varus deformity is a condition in which the forearm is bent towards the body, causing the hand to turn inward. This can occur due to a congenital abnormality, injury, or bone development issues. Treatment options range from physical therapy to surgery, depending on the severity of the condition. INTRODUCTION:…
What is a Cubitus Valgus Deformity? Defination Symptoms Causes There are mainly two causes for cubitus valgus: 1) congenital condition 2) fractures Two congenital conditions: 1)Turner syndrome: Turner syndrome is a chromosomal disorder in which a female is born with only one X chromosome. People with Turner syndrome experience a number of other symptoms, including…
INTRODUCTION: DEFINITION: ETIOLOGY: The presentation of myotonia can result from a diverse array of etiologies. The most common myotonic disorder is myotonic dystrophy type 1, resulting from a trinucleotide repeat on the dystrophia myotonica protein kinase (DMPK) gene that has varying protein consequences depending on the length of the repeat. The next most common disorders…
Cervical stenosis Definition Cervical stenosis is a narrowing of the cervical spinal canal. This narrowing of the spinal canal may result in compression of the spinal cord and/or the nerve roots and affect the function of the spinal cord or the nerve, which may cause symptoms associated with cervical radiculopathy or cervical myelopathy. Spinal stenosis…
