Introduction The Coleman Block Test assesses forefoot pronation and hindfoot flexibility. The forefoot has the initial malformation, whereas the hindfoot alters later. The test involves placing the patient’s foot on a 2.5–4 cm thick wood block, allowing the first, second, and third metatarsals to hang freely into plantar flexion and pronation, and placing the patient’s…
Introduction The squeeze test is a physical assessment test used to evaluate the integrity of the syndesmosis, a joint between the tibia and fibula bones of the lower leg. Syndesmotic sprains, or injury to the ligaments supporting the syndesmosis, are frequently diagnosed with it. Purpose The squeeze test is intended to assist in the diagnosis…
Introduction The Anterior Drawer Test of Ankle Joint is a physical examination test used to assess the integrity of the lateral collateral ligaments of the ankle, specifically the anterior talofibular ligament. It is one of the most common tests used to diagnose ankle sprains. Specifically, the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL), calcaneofibular ligament (CFL), and posterior…
Introduction The Ottawa Ankle Rules define the need for radiographs in acute ankle damage. Both the general public and sportsmen frequently suffer from ankle sprains. According to estimates, there are 25,000 ankle sprains every day in the USA, or one for every 10,000 people. An ankle sprain occurs more frequently in females than in males (13.6 vs….
Introduction The Knee to Wall Test is a simple and useful way to measure your ankle dorsiflexion range of motion. It is a common test utilized by physical therapists and other healthcare specialists to assess ankle mobility and function. Purpose An evaluation of the dorsiflexion range of movement (DROM) at the ankle joint is done…
What is the Homan’s sign? The Homan sign is a clinical finding of discomfort behind the knee when the foot is forcibly dorsiflexed. This sign was first published in 1994 by American physician John Homans and has usually been conducted as part of the physical examination in persons with suspected lower extremity deep vein thrombosis…
Introduction The Y Balance Test is a functional assessment test used to measure an individual’s balance, strength, and neuromuscular control in sports medicine, physical therapy, and fitness. This exam has the purpose of evaluating the stability and coordination of the lower extremities, namely the legs and ankles. It is frequently used as part of a…
Introduction The Noble’s test (Noble’s Compression test) is a provocative iliotibial band test created by Clive Noble. It is often used as an indicator of iliotibial band syndrome; however, no evidence-based study has been conducted to control the validity of this test. Other tests that might be utilized are the modified Ober’s test and the…
Introduction Hoffa’s Test, also known as the Patellar Fat Pad Impingement Test or Hoffa’s Sign, is a physical examination test used by healthcare professionals, particularly in orthopedics, to evaluate for potential issues in the infrapatellar fat pad, a fatty tissue located just below the kneecap (patella). This test is frequently used to assess knee pain…
Introduction The Wilson’s Test is a diagnostic test for osteochondritis dissecans of the knee. Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the knee is an idiopathic, focal, subchondral bone abnormality that can cause instability or detachment of bone and the overlying articular cartilage, resulting in osteoarthritis. Data presented at the SoFCOT Symposium (2005) showed that the median age…
